FAQ

The minimum is $61,000 (approximately 6 million rubles) for investment into an existing Russian business. Other paths require higher amounts: social projects from $200K, real estate from $270K–$680K depending on region, and new business formation from $400K.

The typical processing timeline is approximately six months from initial consultation to residence permit issuance. This includes document preparation, investment execution, and government review. Complex cases may take longer.

Yes. Russia's Golden Visa is the most family-inclusive investment migration program available, covering up to five generations of relatives — spouse, children, parents, grandparents, and great-grandparents — under a single qualifying investment.

No. Since the end of 2025, Russia has removed the six-month physical presence requirement. You can hold permanent residence without relocating, making it an effective 'Plan B' residency for jurisdictional diversification.

The program targets citizens of Western countries with established democratic traditions. The specific list is determined by the Russian government and may evolve. Contact us for the current list of eligible nationalities.

Yes. The 3-year residence permit is renewable. Continued eligibility depends on maintaining the conditions that qualified you for the initial permit, including lawful residence and absence of criminal activity.

Yes. The visa grants full work authorization without requiring a separate work permit or employer sponsorship. You may be employed or self-employed in any lawful activity.

HQS status is primarily defined by salary: the minimum annual compensation is 2 million rubles (approximately $22,000) for most positions, with higher thresholds for certain sectors. There are no formal educational requirements beyond those of the position.

The standard HQS threshold is 2 million rubles per year. Reduced thresholds apply for researchers and teachers at accredited institutions (1 million rubles) and for workers in special economic zones (1 million rubles).

Standard work permits are tied to a single employer — changing jobs requires a new permit. HQS permit holders have more flexibility and may add additional employers through a notification process.

Yes. Simplified procedures are available for several categories: Golden Visa holders after five years of residence, native Russian speakers, citizens of certain countries (Belarus, Kazakhstan, Ukraine, and others), and individuals with Russian-citizen spouses or children.

The test assesses B1-level proficiency across reading, writing, speaking, and listening. It is conducted at accredited testing centers. We provide preparation resources and guidance on exam format and expectations.

Russia does not formally recognize dual citizenship but does not require physical destruction of another passport. The law requires renunciation of prior citizenship, though exceptions exist for countries whose laws make renunciation impossible.

Simplified procedures are typically decided within 90 days of filing. Standard naturalization applications may take up to one year, as they require review at the federal level. Processing times vary by region and caseload.

An LLC (OOO) is the most common and flexible form — suitable for most foreign investors, with 1-50 participants, simple governance, and lower reporting requirements. A joint-stock company (AO) is required for larger structures, public offerings, or certain licensed activities. Most foreign businesses start with an LLC.

Yes. Foreign nationals and legal entities may own 100% of a Russian LLC or joint-stock company with no restrictions in most sectors. Certain strategic sectors (defense, media, natural resources) have foreign ownership caps.

The Federal Tax Service processes registration applications in 5 business days. With document preparation, notarization, and bank account opening, the total timeline from start to operational company is typically 2-4 weeks.

The standard personal income tax rate is 13% for residents earning up to 5 million rubles annually, and 15% on income exceeding that threshold. Non-residents pay 30% on Russian-sourced income, making tax residency planning critical for foreign investors.

DTAs prevent the same income from being taxed in two countries. They typically reduce withholding tax rates on cross-border dividends, interest, and royalties, and provide mechanisms for claiming tax credits or exemptions. Russia's 80+ DTAs cover most major economies.

Russian tax residents must report worldwide income and, in certain cases, disclose foreign bank accounts and controlled foreign companies (CFCs). Non-compliance carries penalties. Our team ensures all reporting obligations are met across jurisdictions.